Romanian Last Name Generator
Discover authentic Romanian surnames with meanings, origins, and history. Perfect for genealogy research, character naming, and understanding your Romanian heritage.
Romanian Surname Generator
Generated Romanian Surnames
The Complete Guide to Romanian Last Names
Key Facts About Romanian Surnames
Romanian surnames reflect the country’s unique position at the crossroads of Latin, Slavic, and other European influences. About 200,000 different family names exist in Romania today, with the most common being Popa (priest), held by about 1 in 100 Romanians.
Occupational Surnames
Occupational names are very common in Romanian, reflecting medieval professions and social roles. These developed as society became more specialized.
Common occupational endings:
- -escu (Popescu – priest’s son, Ionescu – John’s son)
- -aru (Fieraru – blacksmith, Rotaru – wheelwright)
- -oiu (Croitoroiu – tailor, Moraroiu – miller)
Some occupational names reflect trades that were important in medieval Romania, like Ciobanu (shepherd) or Păcuraru (resin collector).
Geographical Surnames
Geographical surnames indicate where a person came from or lived. These can be divided into several subcategories:
- Topographical: Deal (hill), Pădure (forest), Râu (river)
- Regional: Moldovan (from Moldova), Ardelean (from Transylvania)
- Village names: Many surnames come from village names with -eanu suffix
During the communist era, some Romanians changed geographical names to sound more “Romanian” (e.g., changing Hungarian-origin names).
Descriptive Surnames
These surnames described physical characteristics, personality traits, or other distinguishing features:
- Physical: Micu (small), Lungu (tall), Roșu (red-haired)
- Personality: Voicu (vocal), Dobre (good), Zmeu (dragon-like)
- Other: Bălan (blond), Negru (dark), Tânăr (young)
Some descriptive names were originally nicknames that became hereditary. For example, “Țurcanu” meant someone with a prominent nose.
Patronymic Surnames
Patronymics derive from a father’s given name and are extremely common in Romania:
- -escu (Popescu, Ionescu, Georgescu)
- -eanu (Ilieanu, Mihăileanu)
- -a (Maria, Ana – originally “daughter of”)
The -escu ending was originally a patronymic but became a general surname suffix. It’s comparable to -son in English or -ovich in Russian.
Nature-Inspired Surnames
These names come from the natural world and reflect Romania’s rich biodiversity:
- Animals: Lupu (wolf), Ursu (bear), Vulpe (fox)
- Plants: Bădiță (pear tree), Brad (fir tree), Trandafir (rose)
- Elements: Piatră (stone), Zăpadă (snow), Soare (sun)
Many nature names have symbolic meanings. For example, “Lupu” (wolf) might indicate a fierce warrior, while “Soare” (sun) suggested brightness.
Historical Development
Romanian surnames developed in distinct phases influenced by various cultures:
- 14th-16th centuries: First hereditary surnames appear among nobility
- 17th-18th centuries: -escu becomes common among boyars
- 19th century: Standardization through civil registration
Romanian surnames show Latin roots but with Slavic, Greek, Hungarian, and Turkish influences. Many Jewish Romanians adopted Romanian-sounding surnames in the 19th century.
Regional Variations in Romanian Surnames
Romanian surnames show distinct regional patterns due to historical influences:
- Wallachia & Moldova: More -escu names (Popescu, Ionescu)
- Transylvania: More Hungarian and German influences (Kovács, Müller)
- Banat: More Slavic endings (-ić, -ovici)
- Dobrogea: More Turkish and Tatar influences
These patterns can help trace family origins within Romania. For example, someone with the name “Popescu” likely has ancestors from Wallachia or Moldova.
Romanian Surnames: Frequently Asked Questions
The -escu ending is a patronymic suffix meaning “son of,” similar to -son in English or -ovich in Russian. It originated among the Romanian nobility (boyars) in the 16th-17th centuries and later spread to other social classes. Examples include:
- Popescu (son of the priest)
- Ionescu (son of Ion/John)
- Georgescu (son of George)
- Constantinescu (son of Constantin)
While originally patronymic, -escu became a general surname suffix and today doesn’t necessarily indicate actual descent. About 30% of Romanians have -escu surnames.
Here are the top 10 most common Romanian surnames with their meanings:
- Popa – Priest (most common, about 200,000 bearers)
- Popescu – Son of the priest
- Ionescu – Son of Ion (John)
- Constantinescu – Son of Constantin
- Stan – Short form of Stanislav (from Slavic)
- Dumitrescu – Son of Dumitru (Demeter)
- Marin – From the name Marin (of the sea)
- Tudor – From the name Tudor (Theodore)
- Dobre – Good (descriptive)
- Barbu – Bearded (descriptive)
These names are so common that in many Romanian cities, you’ll find multiple unrelated families sharing them. Regional variations exist – for example, Popa is more common in Transylvania while Popescu dominates in Wallachia.
Romanian marriage name traditions have evolved over time:
- Traditional: Wife takes husband’s surname (still most common)
- Modern option: Wife keeps maiden name (increasingly popular)
- Hyphenation: Both names combined (less common)
- Children’s names: Typically take father’s surname
Since 1990, women aren’t required to change their names after marriage. The law allows for various combinations, though traditional patterns remain strong in rural areas. Same-sex couples gained naming rights in 2018.
Romanian surnames have several distinctive characteristics:
- Latin roots: Most names derive from Latin words (Florescu – flower, Munteanu – mountain)
- Diminutives: Many use affectionate forms (Radulescu from Radu, Mănescu from Manu)
- Double surnames: Some combine two names (Ionescu-Popescu)
- Feminine forms: Some change for women (-a ending like Maria, Ana)
- Slavic influence: Many names show Slavic roots (Stan, Radu, Dragomir)
Romanian is the only Romance language that regularly uses patronymic suffixes like -escu. This makes Romanian surnames distinct from other Latin-based naming systems.
Several clues indicate a surname is Romanian:
- Endings: -escu, -eanu, -aru, -oiu, -a (feminine)
- Latin roots: Names derived from Latin words (Pădureanu – forest, Mărar – dill)
- Orthography: Use of Romanian letters (ă, â, î, ș, ț)
- Structure: Often 3-4 syllables with stress on penultimate syllable
- Common elements: Pop-, Dumitr-, Constantin-, -lac, -vas
However, Romania has many ethnic minorities, so not all names from Romania are ethnically Romanian. Hungarian (Szabo), German (Müller), and Roma (Gheorghe) surnames are also common in Romania.
Romania has many fascinating rare surnames that reveal historical occupations or traits:
Surname | Meaning | Origin |
---|---|---|
Zmeurat | Raspberry | Possibly a grower or seller |
Păsărică | Little bird | Nickname for a singer |
Balaur | Dragon | Mythological reference |
Ciubotaru | Bootmaker | Occupational |
Mămăligă | Polenta | Possibly a cook |
Many unusual names come from medieval nicknames that described peculiarities. Some rare names have fewer than 100 bearers in Romania today.